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Recognize 4 Types of Factory Waste and Their Hazards for Health

Hyundai Motorstudio Senayan Park 2022.05.23
Recognize 4 Types of Factory Waste and Their Hazards for Health
The industrial sector has grown rapidly over the last few years. Quoted from the statistics of the Ministry of Industry (Kemenperin) there are at least 100 industrial estates spread throughout Indonesia.

In 2021, the Databoks survey said there were 1,628 manufacturing companies in Jakarta. Industrial growth causes both positive and negative impacts. From the positive side, there are many job opportunities that are open and able to absorb productive workers.

Meanwhile, on the negative side, factory waste in the form of liquid, gas, to solid waste poses a threat to environmental damage around the factory. If factory waste is allowed to pollute the environment, it is not impossible, later it will become a source of disease for the community.

Types of factory waste


Actually, there is a lot of factory waste to be found. Examples include paper waste, clothing/patchwork waste, factory waste in the form of plastic or crackle bags, to factory waste such as electric cables, and many more.

To make it easier to study the various types of factory waste, we will divide them into four groups. Namely, solid factory waste, liquid waste, gas waste, and toxic waste.

1. Solid factory waste


As the name implies, solid factory waste is hard or some is like slurry or mud. Usually generated from industrial activities and public facilities.

If an abundance of dense factories is dumped into the river, it will clog the flow of the river. As well as, affecting river or marine ecosystems.

Examples of solid waste include: electrical cables, clothing scraps, paper waste, plastic bags, plastic bottles, industrial waste sludge, cement slurry, and others.

2. Liquid factory waste


Furthermore, there is also factory waste in liquid form. Liquid waste is in the form of liquid or dissolved in water. Mostly, liquid waste is dumped by unscrupulous persons into sewers, rivers, or oceans.

As a result, sewers, rivers, or oceans become contaminated with liquid factory waste and damage the ecosystem of living things in them.

For example, liquid factory waste is the rest of the tempe factory industry, tofu waste, the rest of the oil spill, and the rest of the textile dye factory waste.

3. Waste gas


The next factory waste is in the form of gas. Usually, caused by human activities or natural gas sources that have a negative impact on the ecosystem of living things.

Because it is a gas, if it is inhaled by the lungs it can cause health problems and pollute the air.

Examples of gas factory waste can be seen directly through factory chimneys which often emit black smoke into the sky. In addition, sometimes there are cases of gas leaks from factory pipes, and so on.

4. B3 Waste (Hazardous and Toxic Materials)


Finally, factory waste that has an impact on health is Hazardous and Toxic Material waste or B3 waste.

In this factory waste there is a fairly high concentration of toxic elements. If it pollutes the environment such as soil, water, or air, it will be very dangerous for the health of living things. In fact, trigger cancer and death.

Legal aspects of industrial waste management based on PPLH Law 32 Year 2009


Regarding factory waste, the government is not standing still. In 2009, the Law on Environmental Management or PPLH Law Number 32 was issued.

In the law, it is explained that everyone must prevent pollution or environmental damage with various systematic and integrated efforts. These efforts include planning, controlling, maintaining, supervising, to strict law enforcement.

The Environmental Management Law was promulgated by the Minister of Law and Human Rights on October 3, 2009. Through this law, it is explained that the prohibition on polluting, or disposing of hazardous and toxic waste (B3), clearing new land by burning forests, entering waste to environmental ecosystems, and others.

If you persist in violating the law above, then a clear and clear sanction is contained in Chapter XV of criminal articles 97 – 123. Article 103 states: People who intentionally produce B3 waste and are not managed properly, as intended in Article 59, shall be sentenced to a minimum of 1 year and a maximum of 3 years. In addition, a minimum fine of Rp. 1 billion and a maximum of Rp. 3 billion is imposed.

What aspects are monitored?

  1. Compliance with environmental permits or legalities.
  2. Compliance with environmental protection and management permits. Including waste water disposal permits, hazardous and toxic waste management permits (collection, storage, processing, stockpiling, transportation).
  3. Compliance with laws and regulations in the field of environmental protection and management. (Environmental document permit for water, air, and B3 waste).

Who is being monitored?

Business actors and n the person in charge of the business or activity in accordance with the laws and regulations in the field of environmental protection and management. Such as hotels, factories, industries, manufacturing companies, hospitals, and others.

Who is supervising?

According to Article 71 of Law 32 of 2009 concerning the protection and management of the environment, the following are responsible for supervising:

  1. The minister, governor, or regent/mayor in accordance with their respective authorities shall be obligated to supervise the compliance of the person in charge of the business or activity to the provisions of the law in the field of environmental protection and management.
  2. Official/technical officer who is authorized by the Minister, Governor, or Regent/Mayor in accordance with the Law in the field of environmental protection and management.
  3. Functional officials such as environmental supervisory officers appointed by the Minister, Governor, Regent/Mayor.

How to deal with it


Factory waste cannot be left alone. Here are some ways to deal with it:

1. Carry out factory waste management


Every manufacturing company that produces waste is required to have a good factory waste management system. After being managed and treated properly, the factory waste that has been neutralized can be disposed of in a special sewer and does not pollute the environment.

2. Bury organic factory waste


Factory waste that is organic can decompose well when buried in the ground. Therefore, organic factory waste should be buried in the ground or a special place and can be used as fertilizer.

3. Recycle factory waste


As much as possible, the type of inorganic factory waste needs to be handled specifically so that it can be recycled. Such as sawdust waste, patchwork scraps, or plastic bottles that can be recycled, can be reused to save raw materials and reduce factory waste.

4. Increase the reforestation program


Furthermore, air pollution due to factory waste in the form of gas can be overcome by reforestation programs. For example, by planting more trees around the factory, creating green open spaces, increasing vertical gardens, gardens on the roofs of buildings, and so on. Plants will absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen that is clean for breathing.

As good citizens of the planet, we must support government programs to reduce pollution from now on!

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